MoDC were obtained from CD14+ human monocytes purified from blood of healthy subjects as previously described.30 (link) MoDCs were seeded into round-bottom, 96-well culture plates at a density of 105 cells/well in complete RPMI medium without penicillin/streptomycin and infected with 107 CFU/mL of AIEC-LF82 or E. coli Nissle 1917 strain alone [MOI 10:1 bacteria per phagocytic cell]. Following 1 h of phagocytosis, gentamicin [20 ug/mL, Sigma-Aldrich, Darmstadt, Germany] was added to kill extracellular bacteria. Subsequently, infected MoDC were washed and maintained in RPMI supplemented with gentamicin [2 ug/mL] for additional 22 h. The levels of IL-1β [BioLegend], IL-12p70 [BioLegend], IL-23p19 [R&D Systems], IL-6 [ImmunoTools], IP-10 [R&D Systems], and RANTES [R&D Systems] in supernatants of infected MoDC were analysed after 24 h by ELISA. The ELISA plates were read on a microplate reader [SAFAS MP96], and data were analysed with Prism software [version 7; GraphPad Software, La Jolla, CA].