Osteoblast differentiation was induced using OS containing 50 μg/mL L-AA and 10 mM β-GP with PIN (10 and 30 μM) for 7 days. The cell lysates were performed according to the manufacturer’s protocol using alkaline phosphatase activity colorimetric assay kit (Biovision, Milpitas, CA, USA) [46 (link)].
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