The assay was first performed in L-15 containing 0.6% low melting point agarose and 10% FBS. We seeded 1000 cells in 1 ml of L-15 containing 10% FBS and 0.3% low melting point agarose (Amresco, Cleveland, OH, USA) and laminated it to the substrate. Two weeks later, the plates were stained with 0.2% crystal violet and the number of cell colonies was counted under an optical microscope (IX70; Olympus Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) [19 (link),20 (link)].