Primary CD4+ T lymphocytes were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of SD rats using Ficoll gradient separation (GE Healthcare, Uppsala, Sweden). T lymphocytes were activated in the presence of plate-bound anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies and cultivated under polarization conditions (13 (link), 14 (link)). The purity of the CD4+ T lymphocytes was verified using FACS analysis after their isolation and found to always remain above 90% (Supplement Figure 1). Fibroblast-like synoviocytes were isolated by enzymatic digestion of the synovial tissue from the SD rats (15 (link), 16 (link)).
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