The study’s population was adolescents admitted to this public psychiatric institution. Purposive sampling (Creswell & Creswell 2017 :121) was utilised to select adolescents abusing substances. The inclusion criteria were adolescents between 18 and 21 years of age, admitted to a public psychiatric hospital in Greater Giyani Municipality, who could speak either in English or Xitsonga as the commonly used languages in the province and were willing to provide information about their personal experiences of abusing substances such as marijuana, inhalants, ‘nyaope’ and alcohol, which are commonly used substances in the Greater Giyani area. Nyaope is an illegal cocktail drug particular to South Africa; it is a mixture of antiretroviral drugs, rat poison, acid and detergents to produce a powder (Bala & Kang’ethe 2021 (link):307).
According to Patino and Ferreira (2018 (link):84), exclusion criteria are characteristics of potential study participants who meet the inclusion requirements but have extra traits that could hinder the study’s success or raise the likelihood of an adverse result. The exclusion criteria of this study were adolescents who were not admitted at a public psychiatric hospital and those who were admitted, but their condition was acute, and they presented with psychotic features.
According to Patino and Ferreira (2018 (link):84), exclusion criteria are characteristics of potential study participants who meet the inclusion requirements but have extra traits that could hinder the study’s success or raise the likelihood of an adverse result. The exclusion criteria of this study were adolescents who were not admitted at a public psychiatric hospital and those who were admitted, but their condition was acute, and they presented with psychotic features.
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