Western blots were carried out on 40 µg of protein extracted with NTEN (20 mM Tris at pH 8, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 0.5% NP-40) plus protease and phosphatase inhibitors. All of the antibodies were incubated overnight at 4°C in 2% milk. The antibodies used were rabbit anti-Rad50 polyclonal, rabbit anti-Nbs1 polyclonal, and rabbit anti-Mre11 polyclonal previously described (49 (link)), ATM (Cell Signaling), RPA32 pSer4/Ser8 (Bethyl Laboratories), Chk1 (C9358, Sigma), Chk1 pSer345 (Cell Signaling), AID (50 (link))), GAPDH (6C5, Millipore) and Smc1 (Cell Signaling).