Sequences of A. palmeri EPSPS gene (GenBank accession no. JX564536) were used to develop the PCR primers for cloning of the EPSPS gene. The PCR product was cloned in 2.1-TOPO TA vector (Invitrogen), and the clone was labeled with digoxigenin-11-deoxyuridine triphosphate (Roche Diagnostics) using a standard nick translation reaction. The clone, maize 5S rDNA (54 (link)), was labeled with biotin-16-dUTP (Roche). The BAC clones were labeled with either biotin-16-dUTP or digoxigenin-11-dUTP using a nick translation reaction. Biotin- and digoxigenin-labeled probes were detected with Alexa Fluor 488 streptavidin antibody (Invitrogen) and rhodamine-conjugated antidigoxigenin antibody (Roche), respectively.