Primary mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were isolated from wild-type (WT) and AOX-transgenic (AOXRosa26) [7 (link)] embryos (E13.5–15.5) in the C57BL/6 background and immortalized (generating iMEFs) as described elsewhere [35 (link), 36 (link)]. MEFs, iMEFs, and human lung carcinoma (A549) cells (86012804, Sigma-Aldrich/Merck Life Science) were grown in Dulbecco Modified Eagle’s Medium (DMEM) supplemented with 4.5 g/l glucose (BE12-614F, Lonza/BioNordika), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, 10270106, Gibco/ThermoFisher Scientific), 100 U/ml penicillin plus 100 μg/ml streptomycin (P0781, Sigma-Aldrich/Merck Life Science), and 2 mM L-glutamine (BE17-605E, Lonza/BioNordika). Mouse pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated from precapillary pulmonary arterial vessels of WT C57Bl/6 mice as previously described [37 (link)]. PASMCs were cultured in Smooth Muscle Cell Growth Medium (C-22062, PromoCell) supplemented with 10% FCS (F7524, Sigma-Aldrich/Merck Life Science) and 0.002% Normocin (ant-nr-1, InvivoGen).
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