All materials administered to animals were subjected to lipopolysaccharide removal,44 (link) and were confirmed to be lipopolysaccharide free by the method of Moesby et al.45 (link) Based on the FH dose used successfully in Fakhouri et al.,14 (link) mice were injected intraperitoneally with serum-derived full-length human FH (3 nmol/465 μg per animal), FH1–5^18–20 (12 nmol/710 μg), or FH1–5 (12 nmol/424 μg) in identical volumes of PBS, or PBS alone. Blood was collected onto EDTA via tail venesection before injection and at serial time points thereafter, with plasma separated via centrifugation for storage at −80 °C. Mice were killed at the indicated time points, and the kidneys were collected into PBS and snap frozen in OCT embedding matrix (CellPath, Newtown, UK) for storage at −80 °C.