Larvae and Pupae Microscopic Examination

The preparation of the slide-mounted material basically followed May (1994) (link). The larvae chosen for microscopic examination were first dissected (the head, mouthparts, and body were separated), then cleared in 10% potassium hydroxide (KOH), rinsed in distilled water, and mounted on permanent microscope slides in Faure–Berlese fluid (50 g of gum arabic and 45 g of chloral hydrate dissolved in 80 g of distilled water and 60 cm³ of glycerol; Hille Ris Lambers 1950 ). All of the mentioned specimens were preserved in 95% ethanol and examined using calibrated oculars and an optical stereomicroscope (Olympus SZ 60 and Nikon Eclipse 80i). Using Corel Photo-Paint X7 and Corel Draw X7, drawings and outlines were created using a drawing tube (MNR-1) mounted on a stereomicroscope (Ampliwal). The larval instars’
body length (BL)
, body width (BW) at the third abdominal segment
, and head capsule width (HW) were all measured (see Gosik et al. 2016 (link), or Skuhrovec and Bogusch 2016 (link)). Pupae were measured for body length (BL), body width (BW) at the level of the midlegs, rostrum length (RL), and pronotum width (PW) (see Gosik and Skuhrovec 2011 (link)). Marvaldi (1997 (link), 1999 , 2003 (link)) and Oberprieler et al. (2014) (link) were followed for terminology on chaetotaxy and body parts, and Zacharuk (1985) for terms concerning the antennae.