Growth Conditions for Halophilic and Thermoacidophilic Archaea

H. volcanii strain H26 was grown in selective CA medium (Allers et al., 2004 (link)) (0.5 g/L Bacto™ Casamino acids; pH 7.2 adjusted with KOH) modified with an expanded trace element solution (referred to as CAB) (Duggin et al., 2015 (link)). Cells were grown at 45°C in liquid medium while rotating (volumes up to 5 ml) or shaking (volumes > 5 ml).
S. acidocaldarius strain MW001 was grown in basal Brock medium (pH 3.5) (Brock et al., 1972 (link)) supplemented with 0.1% (w/v) NZ-amine (Sigma) and 0.2% (w/v) dextrin. Cells were grown at 75°C in liquid medium while shaking.
Since both strains are auxotroph for uracil (H26, ΔpyrE2 and MW001, ΔpyrEF), growth media were supplemented with uracil (Sigma) at a defined concentration (50 μg/ml for H26; 10 μg/ml for MW001). Further details on H26 and MW001 are listed in Supplementary Table 1.