Cells in BALF and lung homogenate were stained with fluorescently labeled antibodies: CD11b-AF594 (M1/70), Ly6G-BV605 (1A8), CD11c-PerCP-Cy5.5 (N418), CD45-AF700 (30-F11), BV510-CD103 (2E7), Siglec-F-AF647 (E50–2440; BD Biosciences), MHCII-APC-Cy7 (M5/114.15.2), Ly6C-PE-Texas Red (AL-2; BD Biosciences) and DAPI to assess cell viability. Antibodies were from Biolegend unless otherwise stated. Cells in the airway and lung were classified as before (40 (link), 41 (link)). For IL-1β intracellular staining, surface staining was performed as stated above and was followed by fixation and then permeabilization, using the fluorescently labeled antibody pro-IL-1β-APC (NJTEN3) and the two-step protocol for intracellular (cytoplasmic) proteins (eBioscience) according to manufacturers instructions. We have adhered to the EJI recommended guidelines for the use of flow cytometry.