HT29 human intestinal epithelial cells were purchased from the Cell Bank of Type Culture Collection of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Shanghai, China). Cells were cultured in DMEM (Gibco) with 10% foetal bovine serum (04-001-1ACS, Biological Industries, Kibbutz Beit-Haemek, Israel) at 37 °C in the presence of 5% CO2. TNFα (10 ng/mL, Z01001, GenScript Biotech, Nanjing, China) was used in cell culture with HT29 cells for 12 h to mimic an inflammatory background [30 (link)].
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