Liquid Matrigel (BD Biosciences, USA, BD Matrigel Matrix Cat. No. 356234) was added into 96-well tissue culture plates after the induction of EC differentiation into blood vascular cells. ECs (2 × 105 cells per well) were grown in a final volume of 0.30 mL culture medium containing 150 mL M199 (GibcoBRL) and 150 mL CM. Each well was digitally photographed under a phase contrast microscope (Leica). The observed tubes and branching points were counted [44 (link)]. Four representative fields are counted and the average of the total area of complete tubes formed by cells per unit area is compared by Image-Pro Plus®.
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