Patients were recruited from the outpatients who visited the dedicated Gout Clinic of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, and the trial was registered on the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry as #ChiCTR2000038794. The Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University approved this study. Before the study began, all participants received an adequate explanation of the study’s objectives and provided written informed consent.
All patients were diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis based on clinical criteria, including laboratory and imaging examinations. They had not received any urate-lowering drugs within two weeks before the interview for enrollment in this study. Patients who were taking corticosteroids, anticoagulants, diuretics, or other drugs that alter uric acid excretion were excluded from the study. Other exclusion criteria included patients with hepatic insufficiency (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] or aspartate aminotransferase [AST] > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal; serum total bilirubin [TBIL] > 2 times the upper limit of normal), renal insufficiency (patients with severe renal injury or end-stage renal disease; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2), active peptic ulcer combined with heart disease, malignant tumors, active tuberculosis or blood disease, and the judgment of the investigator that the candidate was inappropriate for this research.
All patients were diagnosed with acute gouty arthritis based on clinical criteria, including laboratory and imaging examinations. They had not received any urate-lowering drugs within two weeks before the interview for enrollment in this study. Patients who were taking corticosteroids, anticoagulants, diuretics, or other drugs that alter uric acid excretion were excluded from the study. Other exclusion criteria included patients with hepatic insufficiency (alanine aminotransferase [ALT] or aspartate aminotransferase [AST] > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal; serum total bilirubin [TBIL] > 2 times the upper limit of normal), renal insufficiency (patients with severe renal injury or end-stage renal disease; estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2), active peptic ulcer combined with heart disease, malignant tumors, active tuberculosis or blood disease, and the judgment of the investigator that the candidate was inappropriate for this research.
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