Neuronal excitability was detected by whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques as described previously.4 (link),16 (link) DiI-labeled neurons were identified by fluorescence microscope (Olympus IX71, Japan). For the patch-clamp recordings, small and medium sized DRG neurons were chosen in our study, because they were considered to be responsible for pain sensation.17 (link),18 (link) Resting potential (RPs) and action potentials (APs) were recorded. The voltage was clamped at −60 mV. Whole-cell current and voltage were recorded with a HEKA EPC10 patch-clamp amplifier. The data were acquired and stored on a computer and analyzed by Fit Master from HEKA. The above experiments were performed at room temperature (22°C).