NSC were harvested from 11.5 day gestational age (E11.5) pan-EGFP mice (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME), and cultured as described (6 (link)). Fetal intestines were dissected and digested in Collagenase/ Dispase (50 μg/ml; Worthington Biochemical, Freehold, NJ) for 1h. Centrifuged tissue pellets were retrieved and cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium/Ham’s Nutrient Mixture F12 (DMEM/F12; Corning, Manassas, VA) supplemented 1:1 with N2 supplement (Gibco, Grand Island, NY), with the addition of mouse basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF,20 ng/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO), mouse EGF (20 ng/ml; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO), 15% chicken embryo extract (Gemini, West Sacramento, CA) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). NSCs proliferated and grew as free-floating neurospheres, and the suspended neurospheres were collected by harvesting the culture medium. Neurospheres were confirmed to contain >95% NSC as determined by staining with the stem cell specific marker Nestin.