Adiposity measurements in the children were performed by trained research assistants at the health check at age 11-12 (14 (link)). Data on height and weight were obtained from the health check or YHCR. If height and weight were available from the health check and from the YHCR, the measurement of the ABCD health check was chosen. A Leicester portable height measure (Seca, Hamburg, Germany) was used to measure height to the nearest millimeter. Weight was measured to the nearest 100 g with a Marsden Ms-4102 weighing scale (Oxfordshire, UK). Subsequently, BMI was calculated by dividing the child’s weight in kilograms by their height in meters squared. Three experienced ultrasound technicians measured subcutaneous fat (SCF) with the plaque protocol setting of the automated ultrasound Panasonic Cardio Health Station V1.8 (Diagnostic Ultrasound System GM-72P00A). SCF was measured as the transversal edge to edge distance between the skin and the linea alba, just above the belly button. A Seca measuring tape was used to determine waist circumference to the nearest millimeter in the middle between the costal margin and the iliac crest. After this, the WHtR was calculated and multiplied by 100 (28 (link)). Arm-to-leg bioelectrical impedance analysis (Bodystat 1500 MDD machine (Bodystat Inc, Douglas, UK)) was performed to determine fat mass. Next, fat% was calculated (29 (link)).