An AD mouse model was established by topically utilizing a low-calcemic analogue calcipotriol of vitamin D3, MC903 (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), as per a reported protocol.36 (link) In short, MC903 (2 nmol, 20 μL) dissolved in 95% ethanol was applied topically to the dorsal side of the left ear. On the 7th day, an MC903-induced AD model was successfully established. Subsequently, MC903 was still administered to mice in the AD group, the AD + CQ group, the AD + CQ + Nigericin group, and the AD + CQ + poly (I:C) group.37 (link) The Control group was given an equal amount of 95% ethanol.