The soft agar assay was performed as previously described (19 (link)). The base layer of each well consisted of 1.5 mL of serum-free 2X DMEM (Welgene, LM 201-50) with a final concentration of 0.5% Noble agar (BD Biosciences). After bottom agar solidification, 1.5 mL of 0.35% agar containing NIH3T3 cells (20,000) was seeded on the bottom agar layer and incubated for 14 days. Medium was changed every 2 days for 2 weeks. Colonies were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and then stained with 0.05% crystal violet (Sigma-Aldrich, C6158).
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