The human TC cell lines gifted from Dr Electron Kebebew from Stanford University or purchased from University of Colorado Cancer Center or ATCC were used in this study: follicular TC - FTC133, papillary TC - BCPAP, TPC1; MTC - TT; anaplastic TC THJ16T, THJ29T, 8505C, OCUT2, KAT18, SW1736 and C643 (ATC); and HTC - XTC1. A rat pancreatic cell line, AR42J, with intrinsically high SSTR2 expression, was used as a positive control for SST analog uptake studies (13 (link)). The cells were authenticated by short tandem repeat (STR) analysis and contamination was excluded via IMPACT II PCR analysis.
The cells were grown in the standard media, supplemented with 10% FBS (ThermoFisher Scientific) for human cell lines and 20% for a rat AR42J cell line, as well as with 10 U/mL penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco) and 0.25 µg/mL amphotericin B (Gibco). For treatment (72h), valproic acid (VAC, Sigma Aldrich, PHR1061) was added to the culture medium at a final concentration of 2 mM or 4 mM, while tacedinaline (Sigma Aldrich, C0621) and decitabine (Sigma Aldrich, A3656) at final concentration of 500 ng/mL and 75 ng/mL, respectively which corresponds to their therapeutic serum concentrations (21 (link)).