Narratives and polyphony might be interrelated because polyphony relates to interactions among individuals and thus unsuccessful medical treatment and its ensuing mediation and litigation. Studies on polyphony have been conducted in the field of medicine. Renedo discussed the complexity of positioning an individual about others and society, and [17 (link)]; (p. 438) reported three approaches that can be used to understand clinical reasoning, highlighting the essence of a polyphonic manner.
Unlike Koufidis, who focused on the relationship between polyphony and multiplicity, [18 ]; (pp. 12.7–12.9) indicated that Bakhtin described polyphony as the complexity of the characters in one of Dostoyevsky's novels and later as the dialogical self, demonstrating that individuals interact with each other and form their worldviews. Polyphony is the process of the realization of the self and the knowing of other individuals. However, another interpretation of polyphony is more suitable for our research.
Cieply noted how silence was encoded within polyphony based on Brothers Karamazov (1879–80) by Dostoyevsky (1821–81). [19 ]; (p. 101) indicated that silence has two basic meanings in 19th-century Russian literature— the absence of speech (молчание) and a general noiselessness (тишина). Cieply focused on the absence of speech and demonstrated two types of expressing silence in the novel. The first was redactorial silence [20 (link)]; (p. 681), which referred to the excision of the frequent connotation in the author's correspondence, “The thought, uttered, is a lie,” to the publication of the novel. This excision created “an extratemporal creative space in which the thought can be uttered and retracted without taking false, finalized form.” The other was structured silence [20 (link)]; (p. 682), which referred to the deliberate silence that the author wrote in conversations between characters in the novel, urging the development of the plot. Cieply [682] concluded that by applying these two types of silence, the author accomplished storytelling without compromising the inner word that the polyphonic novel was devised to convey.From our viewpoint, the accentuations of authorial silence in the polyphonic novel are helpful for understanding narratives in the medical mediation meeting. Narratives can consist of unspoken components, and this unspoken technique can help plot development.
Unlike Koufidis, who focused on the relationship between polyphony and multiplicity, [18 ]; (pp. 12.7–12.9) indicated that Bakhtin described polyphony as the complexity of the characters in one of Dostoyevsky's novels and later as the dialogical self, demonstrating that individuals interact with each other and form their worldviews. Polyphony is the process of the realization of the self and the knowing of other individuals. However, another interpretation of polyphony is more suitable for our research.
Cieply noted how silence was encoded within polyphony based on Brothers Karamazov (1879–80) by Dostoyevsky (1821–81). [19 ]; (p. 101) indicated that silence has two basic meanings in 19th-century Russian literature— the absence of speech (молчание) and a general noiselessness (тишина). Cieply focused on the absence of speech and demonstrated two types of expressing silence in the novel. The first was redactorial silence [20 (link)]; (p. 681), which referred to the excision of the frequent connotation in the author's correspondence, “The thought, uttered, is a lie,” to the publication of the novel. This excision created “an extratemporal creative space in which the thought can be uttered and retracted without taking false, finalized form.” The other was structured silence [20 (link)]; (p. 682), which referred to the deliberate silence that the author wrote in conversations between characters in the novel, urging the development of the plot. Cieply [682] concluded that by applying these two types of silence, the author accomplished storytelling without compromising the inner word that the polyphonic novel was devised to convey.From our viewpoint, the accentuations of authorial silence in the polyphonic novel are helpful for understanding narratives in the medical mediation meeting. Narratives can consist of unspoken components, and this unspoken technique can help plot development.
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