Homogenization and Sonication of Lipid Nanocarriers

NLCs were produced via hot high-shear homogenization followed by ultrasonication in accordance with previously reported methods, albeit with minor modifications.17 (link) The lipid matrix, which consists of 6% palmityl palpitates, 1% soy phosphatidylcholine, and 6% OA, was heated up to 85 °C to form a uniform oil phase. The aqueous solution, which contained the hydrophilic surfactant pluronic F68 (3.5%) and ddH₂O (83.5%), was also heated to 85 °C. Subsequently, the hot lipid matrix was gradually dispersed in the aqueous solution under the effects of high-shear homogenization (Pro250, Pro Scientific) at 12,000 rpm for 20 min. The resulting mixture was then ultrasonicated using a probe-type sonicator (VCX600, Sonics and Materials, Newtown, CT, USA) for 15 min duration at 35 W and 20 amplitudes without intermittent on/off cycle to obtain the final product.