Genomic DNA was extracted using Blood Genomic Extraction Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) from peripheral EDTA-treated blood. The ATP7B variants of patients and their relatives were verified through Sanger sequencing, with a procedure described in our previous report [24 (link)]. For patients who were detected with only one heterozygous pathogenic variant, we performed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification assay (MLPA) with the ATP7B MLPA kit (SALSA P098-D1, MRC-Holland, the Netherlands) [25 (link)].
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