Tumor microvessels were detected by IHC ofFFPE tumors using a polyclonal antibody to CD31 (ab28364; Abcam) at a dilution of 1:500 for 1 hr at RT in primary antibody diluent (Dako). After washing in Tris-buffered saline containing 0.05% Tween-20 (TBS-T), slides were incubated with biotinylated anti-rabbit labeled polymer (Dako). IHC was visualized using DAB peroxidase substrate kit (Dako) and counterstained with hematoxylin (Sigma-Aldrich). The area of tumor microvessels was quantitatively measured using the ImagePro Plus 4.5 software (Media Cybernetics) as previously described [66 (link)]. Tumor section images were imported into the ImagePro Plus software, where the CD31-positive staining was selected using the color selection function. Positive staining pixels were measured using the area/density (intensity) measurement function and represented as microvessel density.
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