The DNA sequences of each cultivar were analysed by an Illumina HiSeq 2000/2500 system (Illumina Co, Ltd.)38 (link),39 (link) and mapped to Os-Nipponbare-Reference-IRGSP-1.040 (link),41 (link). We identified a total of 670,069 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and InDels after removing nucleotide variations with missing rates > 0.10 and a minor allele frequency < 0.025. To illustrate the population structure from genotype data, we performed principal component analysis using the R function “prcomp”.
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