CD4 positive and CD8 positive T cells were negatively enriched from fresh leukopacks (American Red Cross, Columbus, OH) by 30-minute incubation with Rosette Sep CD4 T (or CD 8 T) cell enrichment cocktail (Stem Cell Technologies, Vancouver, BC), followed by Ficoll-Paque (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Uppsala, Sweden) density gradient centrifugation. CD4+ (or CD8+) cells were then isolated to purity by positive selection using EasySep Human CD4 (or CD 8) Positive Selection Kit (Miltenyi Biotec, Auburn, CA). Purity of isolated CD4+ and CD8+ cells were evaluated by flow cytometry using CD3 V450 and CD4 APC or CD8 APC, and purity was validated to be greater than 95 percent. NK cells were negatively enriched from fresh peripheral blood leukopacks (American Red Cross: Columbus, OH) by 30-minute incubation with RosetteSep cocktail (Stem Cell Technologies: Vancouver, BC) followed by density gradient centrifugation as previously described (18 (link)), and used immediately. Purity of the isolated NK cells was evaluated using CD56 APC and CD3 V450, and validated to be greater than 81 percent.