Quantitive-RT-PCR for evaluating miR-221, miR-222 and PUMA mRNA levels was performed as previously described (12 (link)). The primers for miR-221(#000524), miR-222(#000525), U44(#001094), PUMA(#Hs00248075_m1), and GAPDH (#Hs99999905_m1) were purchased from Applied Biosystems (ABI). Immunoblots were obtained as previously described (13 (link)). Primary antibodies included: anti-PUMA (#4976, Cell Signaling), anti-BAX (#2772, Cell Signaling), anti-Cleaved Caspase 3 (#9661, Cell Signaling), anti-PARP (#9542, Cell Signaling), anti-BID (#sc-11423, Santa Cruz), anti-BAK (#06-536, Millipore), anti-P53 (#SC-126, Santa Cruz) and anti-BIM (#202000, Calbiochem). Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibodied included: anti-rabbit IgG (#W4011, Promega), anti-mouse IgG (#W4021, Promega), and anti-Actin (#sc-1615, Santa Cruz).