Fibroblast Cytokine Response to Rhinovirus

NIH 3T3 fibroblasts were from The American Type Culture Collection (ATCC). Transwells were purchased from Corning Incorporated, Coring, NY. Bovine collagen I was obtained from Advanced BioMatrix (Carlsbad, CA). Submerged cell culture media consisted of Bronchial Epithelial Cell Growth Medium (BEGM) with antibiotics from Lonza (Walkersville, MD). Air–liquid interface (ALI) media consisted of the PneumaCult kit purchased from Stem Cell Technologies (Vancouver Canada). Recombinant human IL-13 from R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN was reconstituted in 0.1% bovine serum albumin (BSA) aliquots and stored at − 80 °C. Human rhinovirus 16 (HRV16) was propagated in H1-Hela cells (ATCC) and purified as previously described [8 (link)]. RNA lysis buffer (RLT) was from Qiagen (Hilden, Germany). IL-8 and IP-10 ELISA kits were purchased from R&D systems (Minneapolis, MN).