Immunohistochemistry was performed on 4-μm TMA tissue sections with a Ventana Bench Mark XT Autostainer (Ventana Medical Systems, Tucson, AZ, USA) as described in previous reports 22 (link). The following primary antibodies were tested: c-Met (pre-dilution; clone SP44; Ventana) and p16 (RTU; Ventana). c-Met protein expression was analyzed according to the semiquantitative H-score method; this method yields a total score range of 0-300 23 (link) by multiplying the dominant nuclear staining intensity score (0, no staining; 1, weak or barely detectable membranous staining; 2, distinct brown membranous staining; 3, strong dark brown membranous staining) by the percentage (0-100%) of positive cell nuclei (Figs. 1A-D). Conventionally accepted criteria were used for p16 immunohistochemistry, and positivity was defined as the presence of strong and diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic staining in >70% of the HNSCC cells. All other staining patterns were scored as negative 24 (link).