Anthropometric Measurements and Oropharyngeal Assessment

The height and weight of the patients were measured, and the BMI of the patients was calculated as body weight (kg)/height (m²).
The neck circumference was measured with a standing patient at the middle of the neck, between the midcervical spine and the superior line of the cricothyroid membrane, and the waist circumference was measured at the level of the narrowest part of torso at the end of exhalation. The hip circumference was determined as the maximum value over the buttocks.
The FTP was assessed for each patient based on the visualization of the oropharynx [18 (link)]. The patient was evaluated with their mouth open and without the protrusion of their tongue, and they were asked to open their mouth widely with their tongue left in place; the oropharyngeal crowding was graded as follows: (1) grade 1: complete visualization of the uvula, tonsils and palatal arches; (2) grade 2: the uvula, pillars and upper pole are partially visible; (3) grade 3: only part of the soft palate is visible, as the tonsils, pillars and base of the uvula could not be seen; grade 4: only the hard palate is visible (Figure 1).