The following drugs were used: KA-228 and KA-232 (synthesized by the Department of Medicinal Chemistry from the Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy); pentylenetetrazole, PTZ (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA); 0.5% solution of tetracaine hydrochloride (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA).
All substances (except PTZ and tetracaine hydrochloride dissolved in water for injections) were suspended in a 1% solution of Tween 80 (Sigma-Aldrich, Saint Louis, MO, USA) in water for injections (Baxter, Warszawa, Poland) or 0.9% NaCl. All drugs were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 min before all seizure models with 1 mL syringes as a single injection, in a volume of 10 mL/kg. The pretreatment time (30 min) before testing for KA-228 and KA-232 was chosen based on the time to peak of maximum anticonvulsant activity of KA-11 from our previous studies [6 (link),8 (link),22 (link)].
All reference drugs used in ADME-Tox in vitro assays (caffeine, ketoconazole, quinidine and doxorubicin) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and dissolved in DMSO (10 mM).
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