Measuring Cardiovascular Responses During Walking

Before the measurement, we asked the participants to sit and rest for 5 min. During the walking period, the BP and HR of each participant were measured hourly using the OMRON electronic sphygmomanometer (China) on their right upper arm. BP was measured as millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and HR was measured as beats per minute (bpm). HR, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) could be read directly on the instrument, while mean arterial pressure (MAP) was obtained by DBP + 1/3 (SBP-DBP) and pulse pressure (PP) was the difference of SBP and DBP (Li et al., 2019 (link)).