Assessment of reduced intracellular glutathione (GSH) was with Thioltracker Violet (Life Technologies) cell-permeant thiol-reactive fluorescent probe as described [46 (link),47 (link)]. DRG neurons were seeded in black wall 96-well plates (104/well). After treatments, cultures were washed with PBS. Freshly prepared 10 μM Thioltracker Violet in DPBS was added for 30 min/37°C incubation in the dark. Fluorescence was measured using the FL200 Tecan (excitation at 415 nm/emission 530 nm). Four sets of independent experiments were carried out and mean±SEM values were calculated.