Fibroblast Migration and Invasion Assays

Human rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts were treated with 5 μM PF-562,271 (Symansis, Timaru, New Zealand), 5 μM PF-573,228 (Tocris Bioscience, Bristol, UK) or an equal volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 10 minutes at room temperature before and also during migration, invasion or degradation assays. The final concentration of DMSO was 0.5% or less for all experiments. Dosing of drugs and DMSO was based on previous studies [24 (link)] and confirmed not to alter cell metabolism, viability and function (data not shown). TNF⁺CreER⁺FAK^f/f murine synovial fibroblasts were treated with 1 μM (Z)-4-OH tamoxifen (Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO, USA) in 95% ethanol or vehicle control (95% ethanol) for 4 days before experiments.