During catches performed with HDNs one adult occupied one trap and according to the different experiments collected mosquitoes for six or eight hours. Participants rested on a metal-framed bed with fabric inlay (20 cm high x 200 cm long x 70 cm wide) and were fully protected from mosquitoes by a small blue polyester bed net (97 cm high x 200 cm long x 100 cm wide, mesh size 1.5 mm) which was not treated with any insecticide and which hung over the bed to the ground. A larger untreated bed net (100 cm high x 250 cm long x 150 cm wide, mesh size 1.5 mm) which was also not treated with insecticide was hung over the smaller net and was raised 30 cm above the ground[1 , 5 ]. Mosquitoes were caught in the ±20 cm gap between the two nets. Both nets were protected from the elements by plastic-sheeting roofs (Fig 1A). For 10 minutes of every hour participants raised the bottom of the inner net and aspirated mosquitoes caught between the nets into paper-cups. Mosquito catches of each hour were aspirated into different paper cups. When participants were not collecting mosquitoes, they rested inside the inner net. Participants had access to a stopwatch to monitor the time. Every collection day two field supervisors verified the participants conducted the collections as instructed.
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