The patients were randomized into two groups using the random number table: the ANH group that received moderate acute normovolemic hemodilution and the routine control group that received no hemodilution. In the ANH group, blood was removed through the radial artery from patients at a speed of 200 mL/10 min after stably inducing anesthesia. The formula of blood volume collected is as follows:
Blood volume collected = estimated blood volume (EBV) × 2 × (Hctactual - Hctset) / (Hctactual + Hctset). EBV is estimated blood volume in the human body, which is calculated by body weight. EBV is 70 mL/kg for males and 60 mL/kg for females.
Hctactual is hematocrit measured by preoperative blood gas analysis, and Hctset is hematocrit set after hemodilution. In our study, the set Hct is 28–30%. The collected blood was stored in ACD blood storage bags at room temperature. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 injection was transfused at a ratio of 1:1 (colloidal fluid to blood volume collected). Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 injection or compound sodium lactate was infused at 10 ml·kg− 1·h− 1 during the operation, to maintain hemodynamic stability. Patients in the ANH group were transfused with the collected autologous blood immediately after the operation. The control group was transfused with allogeneic blood when Hct was less than 25%. The fluctuation of intraoperative blood pressure was controlled within 20% of the base value.
Blood volume collected = estimated blood volume (EBV) × 2 × (Hctactual - Hctset) / (Hctactual + Hctset). EBV is estimated blood volume in the human body, which is calculated by body weight. EBV is 70 mL/kg for males and 60 mL/kg for females.
Hctactual is hematocrit measured by preoperative blood gas analysis, and Hctset is hematocrit set after hemodilution. In our study, the set Hct is 28–30%. The collected blood was stored in ACD blood storage bags at room temperature. Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 injection was transfused at a ratio of 1:1 (colloidal fluid to blood volume collected). Hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 injection or compound sodium lactate was infused at 10 ml·kg− 1·h− 1 during the operation, to maintain hemodynamic stability. Patients in the ANH group were transfused with the collected autologous blood immediately after the operation. The control group was transfused with allogeneic blood when Hct was less than 25%. The fluctuation of intraoperative blood pressure was controlled within 20% of the base value.
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