O’Fallon et al. and Uyen et al. with some modification [22 (link),23 (link)]. The sample (1 g) was mixed with 0.7 mL of 10 N KOH and 6.3 mL
of methanol and placed in a constant-temperature water bath at 55°C. The
mixture was vigorously shaken every 30 min for 1 h and 30 min. After cooling in
ice water for 1–2 min, 0.58 mL of 24 N H2SO4 was
added to the samples and the mixture was shaken again every 30 min for 1 h and
30 min while being heated in the constant-temperature water bath at 55°C.
After cooling in ice water, 3 mL of hexane was added, and the mixture was
centrifuged at 3,000×g for 5 min using a Combi-514R centrifuge (Hanil) to
separate the fatty acid methyl esters. The upper layer was transferred to a vial
using a Pasteur pipette, injected into the gas chromatograph equipped with the
HP-88 column (60 m × 0.2 mm × 250 μm) and a flame
ionization detector (Agilent 7890 series, Agilent Technologies, Wilmington, DE,
USA). The injector was set to a split ratio of 25:1 with a temperature of
250°C, and the temperature of the detector was set to 250°C. A
high-purity mixture of air, H2, and He was used as a carrier gas with
a flow rate of 400 mL/min for air and 40 mL/min for H2.