Multi-epitope Peptide Vaccine Design with CTB Adjuvant

Peptide vaccines have weak ability to provoke host immune responses. The weak immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine can be handled with the technique of multi-epitopes peptide design [71 (link),72 (link)]. In multi-epitopes peptide-design phase, immunodominant epitopes were linked to each other [73 (link)]. All the selected screened epitopes were linked with the Gly-Pro-Gly-Pro-Gly (GPGPG) linkers to build an immunopotent multi-epitopes peptide vaccine. Furthermore, the vaccine was linked with the highly immunopotent cholera toxin B adjuvant (CTB) for the enhancement of the vaccine immunogenicity [74 (link),75 (link)]. The adjuvant binds to the monoganglioside GM1 receptor and is capable of stimulating cytokines, interferone, cellular and humoral immunity [75 (link)]. The adjuvant is used in vaccine design against cancer, tuberculosis and influenza [76 (link)].

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Malik M., Khan S., Ullah A., Hassan M., Haq M.U., Ahmad S., Al-Harbi A.I., Sanami S., Abideen S.A., Irfan M, & Khurram M. (2023). Proteome-Wide Screening of Potential Vaccine Targets against Brucella melitensis. Vaccines, 11(2), 263.

Publication 2023

Adjuvant Cancer Cellular Cholera toxin b Cytokines Epitopes Gly pro gly gly Humoral immunity Immune responses Immunodominant epitopes Influenza Peptide Peptide vaccine Tuberculosis Vaccine Vaccine immunogenicity Weak

Corresponding Organization : University of Florida

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Variable analysis

independent variables

Multi-epitope peptide design
Linking of immunodominant epitopes
Use of GPGPG linkers to build multi-epitope peptide vaccine
Linking the vaccine with cholera toxin B (CTB) adjuvant

dependent variables

Immune response provocation
Immunogenicity of the peptide vaccine
Cytokine stimulation
Cellular and humoral immunity

control variables

Not explicitly mentioned

controls

Positive control: Not mentioned
Negative control: Not mentioned

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