Assessing FMD Vaccine Immune Responses

To assess the induction of early, mid-, and long-term immune responses of the FMD vaccine with D-galacto-D-mannan in target animals, a study was conducted as previously described (7 (link), 29 (link)). Animals were randomly divided into three groups; NC, PC, and Exp group (n = 5–6/group). The vaccine formula for the PC group was as follows: purified antigens type O (O PA2) and type A (A YC) (15 + 15 μg/dose/mL), 10% Al(OH)₃, ISA 206 (Seppic; 50% w/w), and 150 μg/dose/pig Quil-A (InvivoGen), in a total volume of 1 mL. The Exp group received test vaccines with the same formula as the PC group, with the addition of 1 mg of D-galacto-D-mannan/dose/pig as an adjuvant, via the same route. NC group pigs were administered an equal volume of PBS. After primary vaccination via IM injection, a booster shot was administered via the same route 28 dpv. Sera were collected from the vaccinated pigs 0, 7, 14 (early), 28, 42 (mid-term), 56, and 84 (long-term) dpv for serological assays. The local reaction was confirmed at the vaccination site (neck) by sacrificing pigs at 84 dpv. Under the observation of a veterinarian, both sides of the neck were cut into circular shapes with a diameter of 20 cm and a length of 40 cm and cut into 1.5-cm-thick pieces; the effect of suppressing abnormal meat formation was confirmed through visual inspection.