Intrathecal Glabridin, Fractalkine, and Inhibitor Injections

Glabridin (, G9548, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) was diluted in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (D2650, DMSO; Sigma-Aldrich) for the injections. Recombinant fractalkine (Sigma-Aldrich, F2302), microglia inhibitor minocycline (ab120661, Abcam, Cambridge, UK), a neutralizing antibody against fractalkine (AF472, anti-fractalkine; R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA), and a neutralizing antibody against CX3CR1 (AF5825, anti-CX3CR1; R&D Systems) were diluted in 10% DMSO for the injections. For the i.t. injections, the spinal cord puncture was performed with a 30 G needle between the L₄ and L₅ levels to deliver the drugs (5 µL) to the cerebral spinal fluid under brief anesthesia with sevoflurane [24 (link)].