Amyloid-Induced Inflammatory Pathway Inhibition

LSF was prepared according to our previous method [19 (link),20 (link)]. HPLC-grade acetonitrile and methanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and Aβ(1-42) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Roswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 medium (RPMI 1640) was obtained from Gibco (Grand Island, NY, USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS), RT-PCR kit, and PCR kit were purchased from TransGen Biotech Inc. (Beijing, China). The Wright–Giemsa stain kit was purchased from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). Primary antibodies such as TNF-α, IL-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B (NF-κB), inhibitor of NF-κB alpha (IκBα), phosphorylate-IκBα (p-IκBα), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved-PARP, Bax, Bcl-2, and β-actin were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology (CST) (Beverly, MA, USA). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were purchased from Beijing Cheng Lin Biological Technology Co., Ltd. (Beijing, China).