The Cell-Light 5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine (EdU) Apollo 567 Kits (RiboBio, Guangzhou, China) were used to detect cell proliferation. Cell proliferation rate = (EdU-positive cells)/(total cells) × 100% [54 (link)]. The 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) and CCK-8 detection kits (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) were adopted to determine cell viability [55 (link)–57 (link)].
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