Mfa1 and FimA fimbriae were purified from P. gingivalis mutant JI-1 (fimA deleted) [36 (link),37 (link)] and SMF-1 (mfa1 deleted) [38 (link),39 (link)] derived from ATCC 33277. JI-1 and SMF-1 cells were cultured under anaerobic conditions at 37 °C on Brucella HK agar medium (KYOKUTO, Tokyo, Japan) prepared by mixing 5% [volume/volume (v/v)] laked rabbit blood, 2.5 μg/mL hemin (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA), 5 μg/mL menadione (Sigma-Aldrich), and distilled water. Liquid medium was prepared by mixing trypticase soy broth (Thermo Fisher Scientific), 0.25% yeast extract (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and distilled water, followed by sterilization and the addition of 2.5 μg/mL hemin and 5 μg/mL menadione.
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