Testicular samples from Sly-KD mice were prepared as previously described (33 (link)). Total testis RNA was reverse transcribed using a QuantiNova RT kit (Qiagen) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. qRT-PCR was carried out using TOPreal qPCR 2X premix (Enzynomics) with primers listed in table S6. Amplifications were performed in at least triplicate for each sample. Relative gene expression levels were evaluated using the 2−ΔΔCt method (50 (link)) and were normalized to the level of Gapdh mRNA. Data are presented as means ± SD. Statistical analyses were performed using two-tailed Student’s t tests, and P ≤0.05 was taken as indicating a significant difference.