The SARS-CoV M protein (NC_004718), SARS-CoV-2 M protein of IPBCAMS-WH-01/2019 strain (no. EPI_ISL_402123), TBK1 genes and their truncations were cloned into vector VR1012 with the Flag-tag or GST-tag (Sangon Biotech, Shanghai, China). The expression vectors of Flag-Ubi, Flag-K48-Ubi, Flag-K63-Ubi, pIFNβ-Luc, ISRE-luc and Renilla luc were constructed in the previous study (17 (link), 18 (link)). The expression plasmids for IRF3, TANK, IKKϵ, RIG-I and TRAF3 were purchased from PPL Biotech, Jiangsu, China. The expression plasmid for TBK1 and MDA5 was purchased from Miaoling Biotech, Wuhan, China.
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