The production of the cellular labile iron pool (LIP) was determined through assessing intracellular iron concentration by using an iron assay kit (Abcam, ab83366). In addition, ROS (cat. no. E004), and GSH (cat. no. A006) was determined using commercial ELISA kits (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute, China) according to the manufacturers’ instructions.18 (link)