The Kriging interpolation method was used to visually represent the data. The Kriging method is a univariate geostatistical method that uses the weighting principle of the sample values for the predictions and considers the sample points’ spatial arrangement for the weight value (Munyati and Sinthumule, 2021 ). Kriging is widely employed in the field of prediction of environmental variables (Xu et al., 2022 ), for instance, to estimate the danger posed by noise exposure of on-site workers (Ellis et al., 2022 (link)). In addition, the interpolation method has been used to assess the impact of traffic-generated environmental pollution in countries like India and Pakistan, where they produced spatial noise prediction maps (Banerjee et al., 2009 ; Latif et al., 2022 (link)).
The noise maps were created by importing the refined data and establishing the World Geodetic System (WGS 1984) as the datum. Next, the layers were generated through a selection by attributes, based on the month and time frame when the measurements took place. Finally, the Kriging tool created the interpolation surface that covered the administrative area of the city.
The noise maps were created by importing the refined data and establishing the World Geodetic System (WGS 1984) as the datum. Next, the layers were generated through a selection by attributes, based on the month and time frame when the measurements took place. Finally, the Kriging tool created the interpolation surface that covered the administrative area of the city.
