Healthy and intact premolars were extracted from 23 healthy individuals (13 females and 10 males in the 15-25 age range, mean age of 19.7) who were receiving orthodontic treatment at the Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Teeth had been collected from April to December 2019. This project was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. DPSCs isolated from the pulp tissue of these premolars were cultured in routine media as we described previously [19 (link)].
DPSCs were identified by flow cytometry (Becton Dickinson, Tokyo, Japan). hDPSCs were stained with anti-phycoerythrin (PE), anti-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), anti-CD44-FITC, anti-CD29-PE, anti-CD45-PE, and anti-CD34-PE (BD Pharmingen, Franklin Lakes, NJ) antibodies. Isotype-identical antibodies served as controls. All procedures were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions [20 (link)].
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