The ASPIRE trial design, population, procedures and primary findings have been previously published [16 (link),17 (link)]. Briefly, 2629 women were enrolled at 15 sites in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe, and were followed for at least 12 months from August 2012 to June 2015. Women were randomized (1 : 1 ratio) to receive a silicone elastomer matrix ring (outer diameter of 56 mm, cross-sectional diameter of 7.7 mm) containing 25 mg of dapivirine or a placebo ring. The qualitative component was conducted from February 2013 to June 2015 at six study sites, representing each trial country and three metropolitan areas of South Africa. A total of 214 ASPIRE trial participants were recruited into one of three interview modalities: single in-depth interview (IDI) or serial IDI (SIDI), or focus group discussion (FGD), with 280 interviews completed (Fig. 1). This combination of interview approaches was used to provide a variety of complementary perspectives. SIDI, used with randomly selected women and ‘special cases' chosen by site staff for their unique adherence experiences, allowed for exploration of temporal trends while building rapport between interviewer and interviewee. Single IDI were used to gather data from those who permanently discontinued ring use, most ofwhom were seroconverters. FGDs among randomly selected participants allowed for exploration of group norms and attitudes about ring use, as a complement to individual experiences.